{"id":1644,"date":"2024-09-22T14:40:53","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T17:40:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iai.int\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/"},"modified":"2025-07-29T20:28:29","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T01:28:29","slug":"ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"crn3005\"<\/figure>\n\n

Project information<\/h3>\n\n

Principal investigator:<\/strong><\/div><\/p>\n\n

Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto<\/em>\u00a0(jean.ometto@inpe.br<\/a>)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (Brasil)<\/p>\n\n

Duration & amount:<\/strong><\/div><\/p>\n\n

Nov 2012\/ Oct 2017,USD 996,100<\/p>\n\n

Participating countries:<\/strong><\/div><\/p>\n\n

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, USA, Venezuela<\/p>\n\n

Project website:<\/strong><\/div><\/p>\n\n

http:\/\/nitrogen.ccst.inpe.br\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n

List of published papers:<\/strong><\/div><\/p>\n\n

http:\/\/www.citeulike.org\/user\/IAI\/tag\/crn3005<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Grant from CONICET (Argentina):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human impact on N cycling in Argentina<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Results<\/a>\u00a0Development<\/a>\u00a0Investigators<\/a>\u00a0Students<\/a>\u00a0Executive summary<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Policy brief: Nitrogen management policies urgently needed<\/h3>\n\n

PDF in\u00a0Spanish<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0English<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Results<\/h3>\n\n

This is a summary of the most salient project results. For further information see the project website, project papers or contact the investigators directly.<\/em><\/p>\n\n

The aim of the project is to provide an understanding of the Continent\u2019s N cycle. Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) is estimated by compiling data from published, and not yet published information on natural and anthropogenic systems. The information is only being prepared, including a literature review of N dynamics in several tropical ecosystems. The results may be refined with field data being collected in several regions.<\/p>\n\n

Measured \u220215-N abundance in Mexico indicated 30-50% of N in native plants is biologically fixed. The standing vegetation contained 70-100 kg N \/ha with a turnover (litter fall) of 20-30 kg N \/ha\/yr. These figures will yet have to be scaled and related to environmental conditions to be useful for a continental picture.<\/p>\n\n

In Chilean forests, measured (by acetylene reduction) BNF was extremely low and further reduced by contaminants from copper mining which poison the N cycle. In a laboratory study on factors limiting BNF, the only statistically significant result is seen with Mo. The entire cycle of BNF, mineralization (buried bags), denitrification (acetylene inhibition) and litter fall is yet to be integrated.<\/p>\n\n

The expansion of soy production is being analyzed in Bolivia for the potential future impacts of increased fertilizer use, soil degradation and water contamination. This includes analysis of the water footprint of the crop. In addition, a chronosequence of slash-burn agriculture has been sampled.<\/p>\n\n

Nitrogen deposition has been measured and the first maps produced for Brazil and Northern Argentina. Deposition in Argentina is near 8 kg N \/ha\/y. First Maps of air contaminants for S\u00e3o Paulo State show the overwhelming effect of the city and adjacent industrial areas with high NOx<\/sub>\u00a0concentrations, and contributions to NH3<\/sub>\u00a0from rural animal production sites. A European Air Pollution Dispersion\u2013Chemical Transport Model is being initialized with known N source data for Brazil to provide a synthesis tool for these data.<\/p>\n\n

Re-analysis of IVIC\u2019s repository of Venezuelan river N data show polluted rivers with 60x background concentrations (Amazon, Orinoco).<\/p>\n\n

All these pieces still need to be assembled into regional understanding.<\/p>\n\n

Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human impact on N cycling in Argentina<\/h3>\n\n

Director: Amy AustinIFEVA-Facultad de Agronom\u00eda- UBA<\/em><\/p>\n\n

The CONICET-IAI 3005 project aims to bring together Argentine experts and foreign experts in an exercise in synthesis, training and exploration on the nitrogen cycle in cultivated (fertilized and non-cultivated) areas of Pampean pastures, the impacts of changes in land use on nitrogen inputs and their redistribution, and possible mitigation and adaptation strategies. It is expected to evaluate nitrogen use scenarios in agriculture through cost-benefit analyses carried out from a private and social point of view, considering financial benefits, externalities and environmental services. The process provides for a first stage of data synthesis and two workshops including synthesis exercises and exploration of socio-ecological impacts through modeling.<\/p>\n\n

Project investigators<\/h3>\n\n

Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto\u00a0<\/em>(jean.ometto@inpe.br<\/a>)INPE, Brazil<\/p>\n\n

Maria Cristina Forti<\/em>\u00a0(cristina.forti@inpe.br<\/a>)INPE, Brasil<\/p>\n\n

Cecilia P\u00e9rez<\/em>\u00a0(cperez@bio.puc.cl<\/a>)Universidad de Chile, Chile<\/p>\n\n

Ariel Stein<\/em>\u00a0(ariel.stein@noaa.gov<\/a>)Earth Res. and Tech. Cumpliendo funciones Air Resources Laboratory de la NOAA, EEUU<\/p>\n\n

V\u00edctor J. Jaramillo<\/em>\u00a0(luque@oikos.unam.mx<\/a>)Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n\n

Tibisay Perez<\/em>\u00a0(tperez@ivic.gob.ve<\/a>)Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (IVIC), Venezuela<\/p>\n\n

Amy Austin<\/em>\u00a0(austin@ifeva.edu.ar<\/a>)Universidad de Buenos Aires e IFEVA, Argentina<\/p>\n\n

Nataly Ascarrunz<\/em>\u00a0(nataly.ascarrunz@colorado.edu<\/a>)Instituto Boliviano de Investigaci\u00f3n Forestal (IBIF), Bolivia<\/p>\n\n

Colaboradores<\/strong>Patricia Pinho<\/em>\u00a0(patricia.pinho@iag.usp.br<\/a>)Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), Brasil<\/p>\n\n

Students<\/h3>\n\n

Ana Lidia Sandoval P\u00e9rez<\/em>, otros, CINVESTAV- Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, M\u00e9xicoAndre Bonilla<\/em>, grado, Universidad Central de Venezuela, VenezuelaBeatriz Salgado<\/em>, doctorado, CATIE, ColombiaC\u00e1ssia Monalisa dos Santos Silva<\/em>, doctorado, University of Cologne, BrasilConrado Guzm\u00e1n Flores<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, CINVESTAV- Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, M\u00e9xicoDanilo Carnelos<\/em>, doctorado, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaEdixon Salazar<\/em>, grado, Instituto Universitario de Tecnolog\u00eda Regi\u00f3n Capital, VenezuelaEr\u00e1clito Sousa Neto<\/em>, post doctorado, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, BrasilEstefany Ch\u00e1vez Ibarra<\/em>, grado, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, M\u00e9xicoFelipe Siqueira Pacheco<\/em>, post doctorado, INPE, BrasilJuan Carlos Licona<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, Instituto Boliviano de Investigaci\u00f3n Forestal, BoliviaKelly Ribeiro<\/em>, doctorado, INPE, BrasilLaura Casta\u00f1eda G\u00f3mez<\/em>, grado, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, ColombiaLuciene Gomes<\/em>, doctorado, INPE, BrasilMarcio Malfaia<\/em>, doctorado, INPE, BrasilMariana Almeida<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, INPE, BrasilNatalia Mu\u00f1oz<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, Universidad de Los Andes, ColombiaNohelis Hernandez<\/em>, grado, IVIC, VenezuelaRaphael Dulhoste<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, International Commission on Atmospheric Electricity, FranciaRodrigo Aguilera Bazaes<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, Universidad de Valparaiso, ChileStephane Palma Crispin<\/em>, grado, INPE, BrasilStephanie Diaz<\/em>, maestr\u00eda, IVIC, Venezuela<\/p>\n\n

Executive summary<\/h3>\n\n

Nitrogen is a key element for life on Earth, related to ecosystem functioning and many human activities, and thus under strong pressure due to current global environmental changes. The lack of information on the nitrogen cycle in Latin America is a serious impediment to evaluate and project how human activity is altering nitrogen pools and turnover at regional and global scales. Empirical measurements of N deposition or processes are scarce and data lack spatial distribution information. This project is developing a Nitrogen Human Environment Network (Nnet) to examine human impact on natural and modified ecosystems across a wide range of climates. Direct measurements and regional modeling contribute to a greater understanding of how nitrogen excess or shortage affects ecosystem processes and biodiversity.<\/p>\n\n

The project reviews across several study sites distributed along regional precipitation gradients, and defined according to physiographic and socio-economic attributes, the following inputs: Natural-BNF (biological nitrogen fixation) and cultivation induced-BNF, fertilizer use, atmospheric deposition; and outputs: Net exports of agricultural products at regional level and estimates at site scale of gaseous emissions from land use (fertilizer volatilization, biogenic soil emissions and burning), export of N to groundwater and surface waste (domestic, agricultural and industrial). Local information is scaled up by modeling regional-level nitrogen atmospheric deposition, atmospheric chemistry and transport. The regional modeling feeds to global models, enhancing understanding of global patterns of alterations to the nitrogen cycle.<\/p>\n\n

The social and economical aspect is examined through drivers of LUC and N use at local and regional levels, analyzing the domestic and international forcing of those drivers (e.g., bioenergy, beef, soy production). To this end, a Group of Experts was created, composed of stakeholders from different sectors of society with expertise at the local and global levels.<\/p>\n\n

The main goal is to have an integrated view of N management in the environment and of its essential role in sustaining life and minimizing its environmental degradation for Latin America. The network (1) disseminates knowledge on the causes and consequences of change in regional N cycle, and what are the implications on the ecosystems and people in the region. (2) Establishes guidelines for policymakers and the general public to make decisions regarding N management based on the integrated knowledge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Project information Principal investigator: Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto\u00a0(jean.ometto@inpe.br)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (Brasil) Duration & amount: Nov 2012\/ Oct 2017,USD 996,100 Participating countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, USA, Venezuela Project website: http:\/\/nitrogen.ccst.inpe.br\/ List of published papers: http:\/\/www.citeulike.org\/user\/IAI\/tag\/crn3005 Grant from CONICET (Argentina): Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1644","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Project information Principal investigator: Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto\u00a0(jean.ometto@inpe.br)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (Brasil) Duration & amount: Nov 2012\/ Oct 2017,USD 996,100 Participating countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, USA, Venezuela Project website: http:\/\/nitrogen.ccst.inpe.br\/ List of published papers: http:\/\/www.citeulike.org\/user\/IAI\/tag\/crn3005 Grant from CONICET (Argentina): Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-30T01:28:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/admin\\\/site\\\/sites\\\/default\\\/files\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/03\\\/crn3005.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-22T17:40:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-30T01:28:29+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/admin\\\/site\\\/sites\\\/default\\\/files\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/03\\\/crn3005.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/admin\\\/site\\\/sites\\\/default\\\/files\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/03\\\/crn3005.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/IAI-logo-English-scaled.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/IAI-logo-English-scaled.png\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":985,\"caption\":\"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iai.int\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","og_description":"Project information Principal investigator: Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto\u00a0(jean.ometto@inpe.br)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (Brasil) Duration & amount: Nov 2012\/ Oct 2017,USD 996,100 Participating countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, USA, Venezuela Project website: http:\/\/nitrogen.ccst.inpe.br\/ List of published papers: http:\/\/www.citeulike.org\/user\/IAI\/tag\/crn3005 Grant from CONICET (Argentina): Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human […]","og_url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/","og_site_name":"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","article_modified_time":"2025-07-30T01:28:29+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/","url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/","name":"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005) - IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iai.int\/admin\/site\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/2014\/03\/crn3005.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-22T17:40:53+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-30T01:28:29+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/admin\/site\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/2014\/03\/crn3005.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iai.int\/admin\/site\/sites\/default\/files\/uploads\/2014\/03\/crn3005.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/ciclo-del-nitrogeno-en-america-latina-impulsores-impactos-y-vulnerabilidades-crn-3005\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Nitrogen cycling in Latin America: drivers, impacts and vulnerabilities (CRN 3005)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/","name":"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#organization","name":"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research","url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iai.int\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IAI-logo-English-scaled.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iai.int\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IAI-logo-English-scaled.png","width":2560,"height":985,"caption":"IAI - Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Project information Principal investigator: Jean Pierre H.B. Ometto\u00a0(jean.ometto@inpe.br)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (Brasil) Duration & amount: Nov 2012\/ Oct 2017,USD 996,100 Participating countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, USA, Venezuela Project website: http:\/\/nitrogen.ccst.inpe.br\/ List of published papers: http:\/\/www.citeulike.org\/user\/IAI\/tag\/crn3005 Grant from CONICET (Argentina): Network capacity building in the Americas: theoretical and practical applications of human…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1644"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6326,"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644\/revisions\/6326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iai.int\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}